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English Mastiff

English Mastiff is a giant working breed from England also known as Mastiff, Old English Mastiff.

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Breed overview

English Mastiff is a giant working breed from England also known as Mastiff, Old English Mastiff.

One of the heaviest dog breeds in the world, with the record holder Zorba weighing 343 pounds. Originally bred by ancient Britons for war and guarding, these massive dogs were used in battle against Roman invaders and later by Romans themselves in gladiatorial contests.

People looking into English Mastiff usually prepare for Moderate exercise needs, Low grooming needs, 120–230 lbs • 27–33 in.

MastiffOld English Mastiff

History and origin

English Mastiff is tied to originating from England, specifically British Isles, with sources often placing its development around 55 CE.

English Mastiff is described here as placed in the working group and marked as an established breed.

One of the heaviest dog breeds in the world, with the record holder Zorba weighing 343 pounds. Originally bred by ancient Britons for war and guarding, these massive dogs were used in battle against Roman invaders and later by Romans themselves in gladiatorial contests.

Browse dog breeds from England Browse more working breeds

Quick facts

Breed group
working
Size
Giant
Origin country
England
Region
British Isles
Origin year
55 CE
Weight
120–230 lbs
Height
27–33 in
Lifespan
6–10 years
Breed status
Established

Traits and day-to-day fit

Energy level
2 / 5
Trainability
3 / 5
Good with children
4 / 5
Shedding level
3 / 5
Barking tendency
2 / 5
Moderate exercise needsLow grooming needsChildren score: 4/5Trainability: 3/5

Coat and classification

English Mastiff is grouped here with these coat and texture descriptors.

ShortCoarse

English Mastiff is also listed as recognized by these kennel-club organizations.

Recognized by AKCRecognized by FCIRecognized by CKCRecognized by KCRecognized by KCA

Appearance and build

  • Massive head with broad skull and short muzzle
  • Enormous, powerful body with heavy bone structure
  • Short coat in fawn, apricot, or brindle with black mask
  • Deep-set dark eyes with gentle expression

What this breed is known for

  • One of the heaviest dog breeds in the world, with the record holder Zorba weighing 343 pounds. Originally bred by ancient Britons for war and guarding, these massive dogs were used in battle against Roman invaders and later by Romans themselves in gladiatorial contests.
  • Nearly extinct after World War II with only 14 Mastiffs remaining in England. The breed was rebuilt using careful breeding programs that included some Bullmastiff blood, though purists debate this to this day.
  • Despite their intimidating size, Mastiffs are known as 'gentle giants' with calm, good-natured temperaments. They were traditionally called 'bandogges' because they were kept chained during the day and released at night to guard estates.

Health and care notes

English Mastiff is noted here for Moderate exercise needs and Low grooming needs.

  • Hip Dysplasia
  • Elbow Dysplasia
  • Bloat
  • Heart Conditions

Coat details: Short, Coarse

These are informational breed-guide notes, not veterinary advice.

Frequently asked questions

Where does the English Mastiff come from?

English Mastiff is closely associated with England, especially British Isles in the sources used for this page.

How big does a English Mastiff get?

Typical size details for English Mastiff on this page are 120–230 lbs, 27–33 in, 6–10 years.

What is the English Mastiff known for?

One of the heaviest dog breeds in the world, with the record holder Zorba weighing 343 pounds. Originally bred by ancient Britons for war and guarding, these massive dogs were used in battle against Roman invaders and later by Romans themselves in gladiatorial contests.

Sources and citations

References below include kennel-club profiles, breed standards, and supporting background links for deeper reading.
  1. American Kennel Club breed profile
    American Kennel Club
  2. Royal Kennel Club breed profile
    The Royal Kennel Club
  3. Royal Kennel Club breed standard
    The Royal Kennel Club • Breed standard
  4. English Mastiff reference page
    Wikipedia

Use the linked breed directories and standards for deeper reference. Breed guides are informational and do not replace veterinary or breeder advice.