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Jack Russell Terrier

Jack Russell Terrier is a small terrier breed from England also known as Parson Russell Terrier, JRT.

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Breed overview

Jack Russell Terrier is a small terrier breed from England also known as Parson Russell Terrier, JRT.

Developed in England in the 1800s by Reverend John Russell, specifically for fox hunting. Their small size allowed them to enter fox dens and flush out the quarry while the larger foxhounds could not.

People looking into Jack Russell Terrier usually prepare for Very High exercise needs, Low grooming needs, 13–17 lbs • 10–15 in.

Parson Russell TerrierJRT

History and origin

Jack Russell Terrier is tied to originating from England, specifically Devon, with sources often placing its development around 1795 CE.

Jack Russell Terrier is described here as placed in the Terrier group and marked as an established breed.

Developed in England in the 1800s by Reverend John Russell, specifically for fox hunting. Their small size allowed them to enter fox dens and flush out the quarry while the larger foxhounds could not.

Browse dog breeds from England Browse more Terrier breeds

Quick facts

Breed group
Terrier
Size
Small
Origin country
England
Region
Devon
Origin year
1795 CE
Weight
13–17 lbs
Height
10–15 in
Lifespan
13–16 years
Breed status
Established

Traits and day-to-day fit

Energy level
5 / 5
Trainability
4 / 5
Good with children
3 / 5
Shedding level
3 / 5
Barking tendency
4 / 5
Very High exercise needsLow grooming needsChildren score: 3/5Trainability: 4/5

Coat and classification

Jack Russell Terrier is grouped here with these coat and texture descriptors.

SmoothBrokenRough

Jack Russell Terrier is also listed as recognized by these kennel-club organizations.

Recognized by FCIRecognized by CKCRecognized by KCRecognized by KCA

Appearance and build

  • Compact, athletic body with high energy
  • Predominantly white coat with black and/or tan markings
  • V-shaped ears that fold forward
  • Intense, intelligent expression

What this breed is known for

  • Developed in England in the 1800s by Reverend John Russell, specifically for fox hunting. Their small size allowed them to enter fox dens and flush out the quarry while the larger foxhounds could not.
  • Despite their small stature, Jack Russells are known for their incredible energy, intelligence, and fearlessness. They were working terriers first and foremost, bred for endurance and tenacity rather than conformation to a specific appearance standard.
  • They gained widespread popularity in the late 20th century through media appearances, most notably as 'Eddie' on the sitcom Frasier and as 'Wishbone' in the children's TV series. In recent years, they've also been prominent in movies like The Artist and The Mask.

Health and care notes

Jack Russell Terrier is noted here for Very High exercise needs and Low grooming needs.

  • Luxating Patella
  • Deafness
  • Eye Conditions
  • Legg Calve Perthes Disease

Coat details: Smooth, Broken, Rough

These are informational breed-guide notes, not veterinary advice.

Frequently asked questions

Where does the Jack Russell Terrier come from?

Jack Russell Terrier is closely associated with England, especially Devon in the sources used for this page.

How big does a Jack Russell Terrier get?

Typical size details for Jack Russell Terrier on this page are 13–17 lbs, 10–15 in, 13–16 years.

What is the Jack Russell Terrier known for?

Developed in England in the 1800s by Reverend John Russell, specifically for fox hunting. Their small size allowed them to enter fox dens and flush out the quarry while the larger foxhounds could not.

Sources and citations

References below include kennel-club profiles, breed standards, and supporting background links for deeper reading.
  1. Royal Kennel Club breed profile
    The Royal Kennel Club
  2. Royal Kennel Club breed standard
    The Royal Kennel Club • Breed standard
  3. Jack Russell Terrier reference page
    Wikipedia

Use the linked breed directories and standards for deeper reference. Breed guides are informational and do not replace veterinary or breeder advice.